Boussinesq eddy viscosity assumption
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In 1877 Boussinesq postulated that the momentum transfer caused by turbulent eddies can be modeled with an eddy viscosity. This is in analogy with how the momentum transfer caused by the molecular motion in a gas can be described by a molecular viscosity.
The Boussinesq eddy viscosity assumption is also often called the Boussinesq hypothesis or the Boussinesq approximation.
References
Boussinesq, J. (1877), "Théorie de l’Écoulement Tourbillant", Mem. Présentés par Divers Savants Acad. Sci. Inst. Fr., Vol. 23, pp. 46-50.
